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CONTENTS OF THIS PAGE:
ADDITION (How to add in Math)
Addition of two digit numbers (using carry forward)
How to subtract two digit numbers?
What is a three digit number ? Introduction to 3-digit number
How to add three digit numbers in MATH (3 digit addition in MATHEMATICS)
How to subtract three digit numbers
Practice sheet
What is multiplication?
Multiplication Tables in Math 2 to 10 with the first 12 multiples of each number.
Lattice Multiplication
Let us recall what we discussed in previous section (class 2) and then move on to three digit numbers.
TWO DIGIT NUMBERS
Two digit numbers consist of ones and tens in the place value system. Examples are 12, 36, 46, etc...
ADDITION OF TWO DIGIT NUMBERS:
Type 1:
While adding two digit numbers, the ones place of both the numbers are added first. If the sum is a one digit number, then it is written in the ones place of the answer. Then the tens place of both the numbers are added. Whatever number comes, it is written as it is.
Examples:
12 + 11 = 23
72 + 31 = 103
In the above case, the answer may be a two digit number or a three digit number.
Type 2: (Using carry forward)
While adding the ones place of both the numbers, if the sum is a two digit number, then the ones place of the result alone is written in the answer and the tens place is moved to the top left to be added to the tens place of the given numbers. All the numbers in the tens place are added and written as it is.
The answer may be a two digit number or a three digit number.
Examples:
1 (carry forward)
38
+ 57
--------
= 95
--------
1 (carry forward)
68
+ 79
-------
147
-------
Different combinations of numbers to get a sum of 100
10 + 90 = 100
15 + 85 = 100
24 + 76 = 100
36 + 64 = 100
45 + 55 = 100
Three digit numbers:
Numbers with 3 digits are called three digit numbers. They consist of units, tens and hundreds in the place value system. Examples are 120, 750, 973.
100 is the smallest three digit number.
999 is the greatest three digit number.
Addition of three digit numbers:
Example 1:
321
+ 432
---------
753
---------
Example 2:
1 (carry forward)
809
+ 141
-------
950
-------
Example 3:
11
765
+ 137
-------
902
-------
(Carry forward done in tens place and hundreds place indicated with red and blue colours respectively).
The answer is a three digit number.
Example 4:
11
845
+ 369
--------
1214
--------
The answer is a four digit number.
Practice Sheet
124 + 75
206 + 92
210 + 110
423 + 123
156 + 300
247 + 112
465 + 155
257 + 364
109 + 599
582 + 668
SUBTRACTION OF TWO DIGIT NUMBERS
When we say 36 - 24, we subtract the second number 24 from the first number 36. The first number is called the minuend and the second number is called the subtrahend. The result obtained is called the difference. Let us take two examples
In the first sum given below, the minuend has a bigger number in both ones and tens places when compared with the subtrahend. In such cases, we can subtract the numbers from the respective place values directly. This gives us the difference between the given numbers.
If suppose the ones place of the minuend is a smaller number than that of the subtrahend, then we take 10 from the number present in tens place of the minuend. This has been done in the second sum given below.
In the second sum, we take 10 from the tens place of the minuend and thereby reducing the tens place by 1. That is 8 is reduced to 7 which means from 80 we have taken 10 and so now it is 70. Therefore we write 7 in the tens place. Subsequently in the units place, we add this 10 with 7 already present in the ones place to make it 17 and continue subtracting.
SUBTRACTION OF TWO DIGIT NUMBERS
PRACTICE SHEET
Find
36 - 24
22 - 11
38 - 15
56 - 23
48 - 32
67 - 39
20 - 18
78 - 89
90 - 37
98 - 79
SUBTRACTION OF THREE DIGIT NUMBERS:
We follow the same method explained above for subtraction of three digit numbers also. We have ones, tens and hundreds place here in the sum given below.
SUBTRACTION OF THREE DIGIT NUMBERS
Practice Sheet
Find
345 - 121
657 - 214
789 -500
572 - 310
385 - 134
732 - 346
641 - 253
903 - 347
312 - 165
447 - 218
What is Multiplication?
Multiplication is the method of finding the product of two numbers. The first number is called the multiplicand and the second number is called the multiplier.
For example, 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 18. Here we have added 3 six times giving us a total of 18. In other words, 6 times 3 is 18. That is why multiplication is called repeated addition. Instead of adding the number many times, we simply use a method called multiplication to make the process simpler. The answer is called the product.
Multiplication table given below for 2 to 10 has the first 12 multiples of every number. It will be easy for students to do multiplication once they are thorough with the following tables.
MULTIPLICATION TABLES
TABLE OF 2:
2 x 1 = 2
2 x 2 = 4
2 x 3 = 6
2 x 4 = 8
2 x 5 = 10
2 x 6 = 12
2 x 7 = 14
2 x 8 = 16
2 x 9 = 18
2 x 10 = 20
2 x 11 = 22
2 x 12 = 24
TABLE OF 3
3 x 1 = 3
3 x 2 = 6
3 x 3 = 9
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 5 = 15
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 7 = 21
3 x 8 = 24
3 x 9 = 27
3 x 10 = 30
3 x 11 = 33
3 x 12 = 36
TABLE OF 4:
4 x 1 = 4
4 x 2 = 8
4 x 3 = 12
4 x 4 = 16
4 x 5 = 20
4 x 6 = 24
4 x 7 = 28
4 x 8 = 32
4 x 9 = 36
4 x 10 = 40
4 x 11 = 44
4 x 12 = 48
TABLE OF 5:
5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
5 x 10 = 50
5 x 11 = 55
5 x 12 = 60
TABLE OF 6:
6 x 1 = 6
6 x 2 = 12
6 x 3 = 18
6 x 4 = 24
6 x 5 = 30
6 x 6 = 36
6 x 7 = 42
6 x 8 = 48
6 x 9 = 54
6 x 10 = 60
6 x 11 = 66
6 x 12 = 72
TABLE OF 7:
7 x 1 = 7
7 x 2 = 14
7 x 3 = 21
7 x 4 = 28
7 x 5 = 35
7 x 6 = 42
7 x 7 = 49
7 x 8 = 56
7 x 9 = 63
7 x 10 = 70
7 x 11 = 77
7 x 12 = 84
TABLE OF 8:
8 x 1 = 8
8 x 2 = 16
8 x 3 = 24
8 x 4 = 32
8 x 5 = 40
8 x 6 = 48
8 x 7 = 56
8 x 8 = 64
8 x 9 = 72
8 x 10 = 80
8 x 11 = 88
8 x 12 =96
TABLE OF 9:
9 x 1 = 9
9 x 2 = 18
9 x 3 = 27
9 x 4 = 36
9 x 5 = 45
9 x 6 = 54
9 x 7 = 63
9 x 8 = 72
9 x 9 = 81
9 x 10 = 90
9 x 11 = 99
9 x 12 = 108
TABLE OF 10:
10 x 1 = 10
10 x 2 = 20
10 x 3 = 30
10 x 4 = 40
10 x 5 = 50
10 x 6 = 60
10 x 7 = 70
10 x 8 = 80
10 x 9 = 90
10 x 10 = 100
10 x 11 = 110
10 x 12 = 120
Find the product:
36 x 2
1
36
x 2
--------
72
--------
(Here, 2x6 is 12, the units place is written in the answer and the tens place is carried forward)
157 x 5
2 3
1 5 7
x 5
------------
7 8 5
------------
(Here, 5x7 is 35. 5 is written in the units place and 3 is carried forward.
5x5 is 25, 3 is added to 25 which gives 28. Here again 8 is written and 2 is carried forward.
5 x 1 is5, 2 added with 5 gives 7.)
LATTICE MULTIPLICATION
LATTICE MULTIPLICATION
Product of a 4 digit number and a 2 digit number. Circled numbers are all carried forward to the next place value.
PRACTICE SHEET
Find
32 x 7
45 x 12
24 x 11
18 x 18
147 x 8
156 x 73
203 x 164
1234 x 36
3456 x 79
6709 x 135
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